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Lauseenvastikkeet.

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Esitys aiheesta: "Lauseenvastikkeet."— Esityksen transkriptio:

1 Lauseenvastikkeet

2 Lauseenvastikkeet lauseenvastikkeet eli lauselyhenteet tiivistävät ilmaisua

3 Lauseenvastikkeet lauseenvastikkeet eli lauselyhenteet tiivistävät ilmaisua ne ovat ’voimamuotoja’, joista voidaan päätellä asioita

4 Lauseenvastikkeet lauseenvastikkeet eli lauselyhenteet tiivistävät ilmaisua niitä esiintyy kirjoitetussa kielessä vaihtelua luomassa ne ovat ’voimamuotoja’, joista voidaan päätellä asioita

5 Lauseenvastikkeet lauseenvastikkeet eli lauselyhenteet tiivistävät ilmaisua niitä esiintyy kirjoitetussa kielessä vaihtelua luomassa ne ovat ’voimamuotoja’, joista voidaan päätellä asioita on tärkeintä tunnistaa ne tekstistä

6 Lauseenvastikkeet lauseenvastikkeet eli lauselyhenteet tiivistävät ilmaisua niitä esiintyy kirjoitetussa kielessä vaihtelua luomassa ne ovat ’voimamuotoja’, joista voidaan päätellä asioita on tärkeintä tunnistaa ne tekstistä (kirjoitelmassa ne huomataan aina ja rakennepisteitä ropisee)

7 Lauseenvastikkeet lauseenvastikkeet eivät ole kenenkään AINUT tehokeino kirjoitelmassa

8 Lauseenvastikkeet lauseenvastikkeet eivät ole kenenkään AINUT tehokeino kirjoitelmassa, vaan hyvä mauste muiden tyylikeinojen joukossa

9 Lauseenvastikkeet Useimmiten lyhenne-tään SIVULAUSETTA, jolla on sama subjekti kuin päälauseessa AKTIIVILAUSE Useimmiten lyhenne-tään SIVULAUSETTA, jolla on sama subjekti kuin päälauseessa PASSIIVILAUSE

10 Lauseenvastikkeet Useimmiten lyhenne-tään SIVULAUSETTA, jolla on sama subjekti kuin päälauseessa AKTIIVILAUSE verbin –ING-muoto Useimmiten lyhenne-tään SIVULAUSETTA, jolla on sama subjekti kuin päälauseessa PASSIIVILAUSE

11 Lauseenvastikkeet Useimmiten lyhenne-tään SIVULAUSETTA, jolla on sama subjekti kuin päälauseessa AKTIIVILAUSE verbin –ING-muoto Useimmiten lyhenne-tään SIVULAUSETTA, jolla on sama subjekti kuin päälauseessa PASSIIVILAUSE verbin –ED-muoto / 3.muoto

12 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.

13 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.
The people living here are wealthy.

14 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.
AKTIIVISSA olevan sivulauseen aikamuoto on korvattu –ING-muodolla The people living here are wealthy.

15 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.
Many cars that are bought in Finland are rather expensive. The people living here are wealthy.

16 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.
Many cars that are bought in Finland are rather expensive. The people living here are wealthy. Many cars bought in Finland are rather expensive.

17 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.
Many cars that are bought in Finland are rather expensive. PASSIIVISSA olevan sivulauseen aika- muoto on korvattu 3. muodolla The people living here are wealthy. Many cars bought in Finland are rather expensive.

18 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.
Many cars that are bought in Finland are rather expensive. The people living here are wealthy. Many cars bought in Finland are rather expensive.

19 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.
Many cars that are bought in Finland are rather expensive. Huomaa, että pää- ja sivulauseilla on sama subjekti The people living here are wealthy. Many cars bought in Finland are rather expensive.

20 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.
Many cars that are bought in Finland are rather expensive. Cars that I like are made in Germany. The people living here are wealthy. Many cars bought in Finland are rather expensive.

21 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.
Many cars that are bought in Finland are rather expensive. Cars that I like are made in Germany. The people living here are wealthy. Many cars bought in Finland are rather expensive. Cars I like are made in Germany.

22 Relatiivilauseet The people who live here are wealthy.
Many cars that are bought in Finland are rather expensive. Cars that I like are made in Germany. (eri subjektit) The people living here are wealthy. Many cars bought in Finland are rather expensive. Cars I like are made in Germany. (eri subjektit)

23 Relatiivilauseet Is the man who is wearing a red shirt your uncle?

24 Relatiivilauseet Is the man who is wearing a red shirt your uncle?
Is the man in a red shirt your uncle?

25 Relatiivilauseet Is the man who is wearing a red shirt your uncle?
relatiivilause voi lyhentyä pelkäksi prepositiorakenteeksi (verbit voidaan antaa ymmärtää) Is the man in a red shirt your uncle?

26 Relatiivilauseet Is the man who is wearing a red shirt your uncle?
Who was the first man who landed on the moon? Is the man in a red shirt your uncle?

27 Relatiivilauseet Is the man who is wearing a red shirt your uncle?
Who was the first man who landed on the moon? Is the man in a red shirt your uncle? Who was the first man to land on the moon?

28 Relatiivilauseet Is the man who is wearing a red shirt your uncle?
Who was the first man who landed on the moon? perusmuoto kun edellä on järjestysluku, superlatiivi tai next/last/only Is the man in a red shirt your uncle? Who was the first man to land on the moon?

29 Relatiivilauseet Is the man who is wearing a red shirt your uncle?
Who was the first man who landed on the moon? perusmuoto kun edellä on järjestysluku, superlatiivi tai next/last/only Is the man in a red shirt your uncle? Who was the first man to land on the moon? What’s the best tool to use for this job? Who’s next to be served?

30 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Tom did his homework while he listened to music.

31 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Tom did his homework while he listened to music.
Tom did his homework listening to music.

32 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Tom did his homework while he listened to music.
When he had done his homework, he watched TV. Tom did his homework listening to music.

33 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Tom did his homework while he listened to music.
When he had done his homework, he watched TV. Tom did his homework listening to music. Having done his homework, he watched TV. After doing his homework, he watched TV.

34 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Tom did his homework while he listened to music.
samanaikainen tekeminen: -ING-muoto Tom did his homework listening to music.

35 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL When he had done his homework, he watched TV.
aiempi tekeminen: having + 3.muoto tai after + -ing-muoto Having done his homework, he watched TV. After doing his homework, he watched TV.

36 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL When / After I was asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad.

37 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL When / After I was asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. Asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad.

38 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL When / After I was asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. When Asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad.

39 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL When / After I was asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. When Asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. Being asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad.

40 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL When / After I was asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. When kun haluat tarkentaa samanaikaisuutta Asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. Being asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad.

41 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL When / After I was asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. After Asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad.

42 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL When / After I was asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. After Asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. Having been asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad.

43 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL When / After I was asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. After kun haluat tarkentaa tapahtumien peräkkäisyyttä Asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad. Having been asked to give a speech at the party, I was glad.

44 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Aikaa ilmaisevia prepositioita:
After / Before / Since / On

45 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Aikaa ilmaisevia prepositioita:
After / Before / Since / On (Vanha sääntö: preposition jälkeen verbi –ING-muotoon)

46 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Aikaa ilmaisevia prepositioita:
After / Before / Since / On (Vanha sääntö: preposition jälkeen verbi –ING-muotoon) Before I left for school, I made sure I had my keys with me.

47 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Aikaa ilmaisevia prepositioita:
After / Before / Since / On (Vanha sääntö: preposition jälkeen verbi –ING-muotoon) Before I left for school, I made sure I had my keys with me. Before leaving for school, I made sure I had my keys with me.

48 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Aikaa ilmaisevia prepositioita:
After / Before / Since / On (Vanha sääntö: preposition jälkeen verbi –ING-muotoon) When Jack noticed his mistake, he corrected it immediately.

49 Aikaa ilmaiseva SL Aikaa ilmaisevia prepositioita:
After / Before / Since / On (Vanha sääntö: preposition jälkeen verbi –ING-muotoon) When Jack noticed his mistake, he corrected it immediately. On noticing his mistake, Jack corrected it immediately.

50 Syy / Myönnytys / Ehto

51 Syy / Myönnytys / Ehto As / Because / Since

52 Syy / Myönnytys / Ehto As / Because / Since Although / Though

53 Syy / Myönnytys / Ehto As / Because / Since Although / Though
If / Unless

54 Syy / Myönnytys / Ehto As / Because / Since Although / Though
If / Unless Because Mo is 17, he can’t go to bars.

55 Syy / Myönnytys / Ehto As / Because / Since Although / Though
If / Unless Because Mo is 17, he can’t go to bars. Being 17, Mo can’t go to bars.

56 Syy / Myönnytys / Ehto As / Because / Since Although / Though
If / Unless Although Jack was invited to the party, he didn’t go.

57 Syy / Myönnytys / Ehto As / Because / Since Although / Though
If / Unless Although Jack was invited to the party, he didn’t go. Although invited to the party, Jack didn’t go.

58 Syy / Myönnytys / Ehto As / Because / Since Although / Though
If / Unless Unless it is mailed today, this job application will be too late.

59 Syy / Myönnytys / Ehto As / Because / Since Although / Though
If / Unless Unless it is mailed today, this job application will be too late. Unless mailed today, this job application will be too late.

60 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus

61 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
Kysymyssana + perusmuoto whether (kaksi vaihtoehtoa)

62 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
Kysymyssana + perusmuoto whether (kaksi vaihtoehtoa) Janet didn’t know what she should do next.

63 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
Kysymyssana + perusmuoto whether (kaksi vaihtoehtoa) Janet didn’t know what she should do next. Janet didn’t know what to do next.

64 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
Kysymyssana + perusmuoto whether (kaksi vaihtoehtoa) I don’t know if I should laugh or cry!

65 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
Kysymyssana + perusmuoto whether (kaksi vaihtoehtoa) I don’t know if I should laugh or cry! I don’t know whether to laugh or cry!

66 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
and

67 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
and rinnastaa samanlaisia asioita

68 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
and rinnastaa samanlaisia asioita Jane worked very hard and earned a lot of money.

69 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
and rinnastaa samanlaisia asioita Jane worked very hard and earned a lot of money. Jane worked very hard earning a lot of money.

70 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
perusmuoto in order to so as to

71 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
perusmuoto in order to so as to I bought a new computer so that I could play the hottest games.

72 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
perusmuoto in order to so as to I bought a new computer so that I could play the hottest games. I bought a new computer to play the hottest games.

73 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
perusmuoto in order to so as to I bought a new computer so that I could play the hottest games. I bought a new computer in order to play the hottest games.

74 Epäsuora kysymys / Rinnasteiset päälauseet / Tarkoitus
perusmuoto in order to so as to I bought a new computer so that I could play the hottest games. I bought a new computer so as to play the hottest games.

75 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:

76 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
Voiko sivulausetta lyhentää, jos sillä on ERI subjekti kuin päälauseella?

77 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
Voiko sivulausetta lyhentää, jos sillä on ERI subjekti kuin päälauseella? Itse asiassa KYLLÄ kunhan subjekti otetaan mukaan.

78 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
Voiko sivulausetta lyhentää, jos sillä on ERI subjekti kuin päälauseella? Itse asiassa KYLLÄ kunhan subjekti otetaan mukaan. As the rain was so hard, we couldn’t go out.

79 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
Voiko sivulausetta lyhentää, jos sillä on ERI subjekti kuin päälauseella? Itse asiassa KYLLÄ kunhan subjekti otetaan mukaan. As the rain was so hard, we couldn’t go out. The rain being so hard, we couldn’t go out.

80 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
Sivulauseen pääverbi on OLLA.

81 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
Sivulauseen pääverbi on OLLA. Mitä silloin tehdään, kun ollaan?

82 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
Sivulauseen pääverbi on OLLA. Mitä silloin tehdään, kun ollaan? Aivan oikein: ei mitään! OLLA-verbi jääkin usein pois.

83 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
Sivulauseen pääverbi on OLLA. Mitä silloin tehdään, kun ollaan? Aivan oikein: ei mitään! OLLA-verbi jääkin usein pois. When I was alone, I started to think.

84 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
Sivulauseen pääverbi on OLLA. Mitä silloin tehdään, kun ollaan? Aivan oikein: ei mitään! OLLA-verbi jääkin usein pois. When I was alone, I started to think. Alone, I started to think.

85 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
Sivulauseen pääverbi on OLLA. Mitä silloin tehdään, kun ollaan? Aivan oikein: ei mitään! OLLA-verbi jääkin usein pois. When I was alone, I started to think. Alone, I started to think. Myös: Being alone, I started to think.

86 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
vakiintuneita sanontoja:

87 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
vakiintuneita sanontoja: generally speaking strictly speaking considering judging by supposing that compared with/to

88 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
vakiintuneita sanontoja: generally speaking strictly speaking considering judging by supposing that compared with/to Compared with Italians, Finns are much better at playing ice-hockey.

89 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
vakiintuneita sanontoja: generally speaking strictly speaking considering judging by supposing that compared with/to Compared with Italians, Finns are much better at playing ice-hockey. When we compare Finns with Italians, …

90 Tarkkaa näitä asioita:
vakiintuneita sanontoja: generally speaking strictly speaking considering judging by supposing that compared with/to Compared with Italians, Finns are much better at playing ice-hockey. Considering all the facts, I have to say you were right about this.


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